It consists of two components: monosodium phosphate (NaH₂PO₄) and disodium phosphate (Na₂HPO₄) that work together to maintain stable pH levels. A: While the equation is general for any acid-base buffer system, this calculator is specifically designed for phosphate buffers using their characteristic pKa values. PBS is an isotonic buffer frequently used in biological applications, such as washing cells, transportation of tissues, and dilutions. org from now on, and change any redirects to links you might have used. 2. research Buffer solution calculator: Empirical formula, pKa, and buffer pH range calculations for various buffers. Considerations: Phosphate buffers must be avoided in DNA preps which are going to be used for cloning. The main purpose of the site is to give access to the software written for the design of thermodynamically corrected buffers. 0 and 8. 5) preparation guide and recipe.

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